Oltre l'efficienza energetica : effetti percepiti e criticità del Superbonus 110%

quali svolgono un ruolo di mediazione decisivo tra policy e cittadinanza. I non fruitori, invece, riportano barriere informative, scarsa chiarezza procedurale e diffidenza verso le istituzioni. Nel complesso, emerge una forma di partecipazione "delegata", in cui l'attivazione civica è mediata da competenze esterne più che da un reale empowerment collettivo. Il divario informativo e la disuguaglianza nella capacità di interpretare strumenti complessi accentuano la distanza tra cittadini e istituzioni. Lo studio conclude che il successo delle politiche di transizione ecologica richiede non solo incentivi economici, ma anche fiducia, formazione e trasparenza, condizioni essenziali per evolvere da una cittadinanza energetica passiva a una partecipazione consapevole e diffusa. [Testo dell'editore]

The Superbonus 110%, introduced in 2020 as an extraordinary measure to promote energy and seismic retrofitting of buildings, serves as a key case study to examine the dynamics of energy citizenship in Italy. This research investigates citizens' knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes to-ward the measure, comparing beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, with the aim of understanding whether it has fostered active participation or, conversely, mechanisms of delegation and distrust. The study is based on an online questionnaire administered to 248 respondents and com-bines descriptive, cross-tab, and correlational analyses. Findings reveal an ambivalent picture: while the Superbonus is widely acknowledged as an effective tool for energy renovation, its bureaucratic complexity and regulatory instability have limited accessibility and trust. Bene-ficiaries express moderate satisfaction, closely linked to their confidence in technical profes-sionals, who play a crucial mediating role between policy and citizens

Non-beneficiaries, by contrast, report informational barriers, procedural opacity, and institutional mistrust. Overall, the measure has generated a form of "delegated participation", where civic engage-ment is mediated by external expertise rather than genuine empowerment. The study high-lights how informational divides and unequal capacities to interpret complex instruments deepen the gap between citizens and institutions. It concludes that successful ecological transi-tion policies require not only economic incentives but also trust, education, and transparency [Publisher's text]